ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The social distancing (SD) adopted during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has transformed the internet from a convenience into a necessity. The behavioral changes caused by isolation range from adaptation of consumption, work, and teaching routines to altered leisure options to occupy idle time at home. Such transformations can be positive, expanding use of digital technologies (DT), but they can also have serious future physical and emotional consequences if there conscious use of technological devices is lacking. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to validate the Behavioral Changes Scale on the Use of Digital Technologies During Social Distancing (BCSDTSD), an instrument for assessing behavioral changes related to use of DT during SD. METHOD: Validation of the BCSDTSD in five phases: 1. construction of an initial scale with 10 questions; 2. evaluation of the questions by a panel of experts; 3. application to 1,012 volunteers via the internet; 4. statistical analysis of the results; and 5. preparation of the validated final version of the BCSDTSD. Data were analyzed using the dplyr, psy , and paran packages and the REdaS statistical program. Three statistical criteria were used in the factor analysis (FA). RESULTS: FA confirmed that all 10 questions in the questionnaire should be maintained, confirming its robust construction, and Cronbach's alpha demonstrated its internal consistency with a value of 0.725, which is satisfactory for first-application questionnaires. CONCLUSION: The BCSDTSD instrument was validated for assessment of behavioral changes related to the use of DT during SD.
ABSTRACT
Background: Social distancing as a preventive measure to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many people working from home, using online digital resources. Staying at home has led to the adaptation of many work activities to allow continuity of people´s jobs. It can also affect home routines and ways of working, thereby leading to changes in behavior, as the main interest of this study. Objective: The study aimed to assess the impact on human behavior of working conditions in home office format due to social distancing. Methods: Data collection was done online, using a specific computational tool (Google Forms) for this type of research, using the Home Office Work Scale (HOWS) validated and published in Mental Health and Addiction Research in 2021, with a total sample of 1,056 valid questionnaires. After the data collection, a database was created for statistical analysis of the results. Results: More women than men volunteered to answer the questionnaire, although the results were similar between women and men. Home office work has impacts on human behavior and results in changes in routines and adaptations in people´s personal and professional lives. Conclusion: Proportionally, more women participated, and there was low participation by young and elderly people. In general, people accepted home office work and the possibility of continuing to work in this format. Changes to routines and restrictive adaptations were necessary. The limitations reported for applying the scale did not compromise the results.
ABSTRACT
Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e discutir a vulnerabilidade de povos indígenas em isolamento voluntário a epidemias decorrentes do contato com representantes de nossa sociedade e apontar os desafios para a assistência à saúde nas situações de contato iminente. A partir da experiência dos autores na atenção à saúde de comunidades indígenas isoladas e de contato recente e de informações existentes na literatura indigenista, são apresentados exemplos da alta mortalidade que incidiu sobre alguns povos indígenas em períodos posteriores à quebra de seu estado de isolamento. O artigo atualiza as informações existentes sobre povos indígenas isolados no Brasil, discute a política indigenista e as ameaças a que estão submetidos esses povos pelo avanço da invasão ilegal de seus territórios e alerta para a possibilidade de novos contatos entre esses grupos e a sociedade circundante no contexto atual de ataque aos direitos indígenas agravados pela epidemia de covid-19. Contextualizam-se a suscetibilidade dos povos indígenas isolados, a necessidade de preparação para futuras situações de contato e medidas para evitar o contágio quando ocorrer a quebra do estado de isolamento desses povos. The purpose of this article is to present and discuss the vulnerability of indigenous people in voluntary isolation due to epidemics resulting from contact with representatives of our society and to point out the challenges for health care in situations of imminent contact. Based on the authors' experience in the health care of isolated and recently contacted indigenous communities and on information in the indigenous literature, examples of the high mortality that affected some indigenous peoples in periods after break of their isolation state are presented. The article updates the existing information on isolated indigenous peoples in Brazil, discusses the indigenous policy formulated for them, the threats to which they are subjected by the advance of the illegal invasion of their territories and alerts to the possibility of new contacts of these groups and the surrounding society, in current context of attack on indigenous rights aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. It contextualizes the susceptibility of isolated indigenous peoples, the need to be ready for future situations of contact and measures to avoid contagion when the isolation of these peoples is interrupted.
ABSTRACT
Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e discutir a vulnerabilidade de povos indígenas em isolamento voluntário a epidemias decorrentes do contato com representantes de nossa sociedade e apontar os desafios para a assistência à saúde nas situações de contato iminente. A partir da experiência dos autores na atenção à saúde de comunidades indígenas isoladas e de contato recente e de informações existentes na literatura indigenista, são apresentados exemplos da alta mortalidade que incidiu sobre alguns povos indígenas em períodos posteriores à quebra de seu estado de isolamento. O artigo atualiza as informações existentes sobre povos indígenas isolados no Brasil, discute a política indigenista e as ameaças a que estão submetidos esses povos pelo avanço da invasão ilegal de seus territórios e alerta para a possibilidade de novos contatos entre esses grupos e a sociedade circundante no contexto atual de ataque aos direitos indígenas agravados pela epidemia de covid-19. Contextualizam-se a suscetibilidade dos povos indígenas isolados, a necessidade de preparação para futuras situações de contato e medidas para evitar o contágio quando ocorrer a quebra do estado de isolamento desses povos. The purpose of this article is to present and discuss the vulnerability of indigenous people in voluntary isolation due to epidemics resulting from contact with representatives of our society and to point out the challenges for health care in situations of imminent contact. Based on the authors' experience in the health care of isolated and recently contacted indigenous communities and on information in the indigenous literature, examples of the high mortality that affected some indigenous peoples in periods after break of their isolation state are presented. The article updates the existing information on isolated indigenous peoples in Brazil, discusses the indigenous policy formulated for them, the threats to which they are subjected by the advance of the illegal invasion of their territories and alerts to the possibility of new contacts of these groups and the surrounding society, in current context of attack on indigenous rights aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. It contextualizes the susceptibility of isolated indigenous peoples, the need to be ready for future situations of contact and measures to avoid contagion when the isolation of these peoples is interrupted.